How to recognise it
The Spottail Shiner (Notropis hudsonius) is a small, slender fish. It typically measures 2 to 4 inches in length. The body is silver with a distinct dark spot at the base of the tail. The dorsal fin is located far back on the body and is often transparent. The mouth is small and upturned, adapted for feeding on small insects and plankton.
This species is often confused with the Emerald Shiner (Notropis atherinoides). The key detail that separates them is the presence of a dark spot on the Spottail Shiner's tail, which is absent in the Emerald Shiner.
Where it lives
The Spottail Shiner is found throughout the northeastern and central United States. Its range extends from the Great Lakes region to the Atlantic coast. It prefers freshwater environments such as rivers, lakes, and ponds. Typically, it inhabits shallow waters with a depth range of 1 to 10 feet.
During the warmer months, Spottail Shiners are often found near vegetation and submerged structures. In colder months, they may move to deeper areas but still remain near cover such as rocks and logs.
When it bites
Spottail Shiners are most active from April to October. They prefer water temperatures between 60 and 75 degrees F. Early morning and late evening are the best times to catch them, as they feed more actively during these periods.
Weather conditions can affect their feeding behavior. A passing front may trigger increased activity, while strong winds can make them more elusive. A full moon often leads to increased feeding, making it a prime time for anglers.
How to catch it
To catch Spottail Shiners, use light tackle. A spinning rod with a 4 to 6-pound test line is ideal. Use small hooks, size 10 to 12, to match their mouth size. Common rigs include a simple bobber rig or a small jig.
Effective baits include small pieces of worm, maggots, or tiny minnows. For lures, try small spinners or soft plastics in natural colors like silver or green. Cast near vegetation or submerged structures and retrieve slowly to mimic natural prey.
Size, age and the table
Anglers typically encounter Spottail Shiners measuring 2 to 4 inches. A trophy specimen is generally considered to be over 5 inches. They grow quickly, reaching maturity in about one year, and can live up to 3 years in the wild.
Spottail Shiners are not commonly sought after for eating, but they can be consumed. They are best handled gently to avoid injury, especially if you plan to release them. When releasing, do so carefully to ensure their survival.
