How to recognise it
The redear sunfish, or Lepomis microlophus, is a distinctive freshwater fish. It has a flattened body with a slightly rounded shape. The coloration is typically olive-green to brown on the back, with lighter sides and a white or yellow belly. One of its most notable features is the bright red or orange spot located on the lower edge of the ear flap, or operculum.
Its fins are generally dark, with the dorsal fin being long and continuous. The mouth is small and located at the front of the head. The redear sunfish is often confused with the bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus). The key detail that separates them is the redear's red or orange spot on the ear flap, which the bluegill lacks.
Where it lives
The redear sunfish is found throughout the southeastern United States. Its range extends from the Gulf Coast to the Great Lakes region. They prefer warm, shallow waters such as ponds, lakes, and slow-moving rivers. Typical depths range from 2 to 15 feet, especially near structures like rocks, submerged logs, and aquatic vegetation.
During spring and summer, redear sunfish move into shallower waters for spawning. In colder months, they may retreat to deeper areas, seeking warmer temperatures. They are often found in areas with ample cover, which provides protection from predators.
When it bites
Redear sunfish are most active from late spring to early fall, typically from April to October. They prefer water temperatures between 70 and 85 degrees F. Early morning and late afternoon are the best times to catch them, as they are more likely to feed during these periods.
Weather conditions can influence their feeding behavior. A passing front may trigger increased activity, while strong winds can make them less likely to bite. A full moon can also enhance their feeding, as they tend to be more active during the night.
How to catch it
To catch redear sunfish, anglers can use various rigs and techniques. A popular setup is a slip bobber rig with a small hook (size 6 to 10) and a light line (4 to 8-pound test). Baits such as red worms, nightcrawlers, or crickets work well. For lures, small jigs (1/32 to 1/16 ounce) in colors like chartreuse, white, or yellow can be effective.
Cast near structures or vegetation where redear sunfish are likely to hide. Allow the bait to settle, and then gently jig it to attract attention. Be patient, as they may take time to bite. When you feel a tug, set the hook quickly to secure the catch.
Size, age and the table
Anglers typically encounter redear sunfish ranging from 6 to 10 inches in length. A trophy redear is generally considered to be over 12 inches. Growth rates can vary, but they often reach 6 inches in their first year and can live up to 6 years.
Redear sunfish are known for their excellent eating quality. They have a mild flavor and firm texture, making them a popular choice for cooking. When handling redear sunfish, use wet hands to prevent damage to their skin. If releasing, do so gently to ensure their survival.
