How to recognise it
The Longear Sunfish (Lepomis megalotis) is a striking freshwater fish. It has a compressed body and a small mouth. The most notable field marks are its bright orange or red ear flap, which is located behind the eye. The body is typically olive to green with dark vertical bars. The dorsal fin is long and pointed, extending almost to the tail. The anal fin is also long and has a rounded shape.
This species is often confused with the Redear Sunfish (Lepomis microlophus). The key detail that separates them is the ear flap; the Longear has a bright orange or red flap, while the Redear has a more subdued, pale color.
Where it lives
The Longear Sunfish is found primarily in the eastern and central United States. Its range extends from the Great Lakes region down to the Gulf of Mexico. They inhabit a variety of water types, including rivers, lakes, and ponds. They prefer shallow waters with plenty of cover, such as submerged vegetation, rocks, and fallen trees.
Typically, Longear Sunfish are found at depths of 1 to 10 feet. In the spring and summer, they move closer to the shore to spawn. In the fall and winter, they may retreat to deeper waters as temperatures drop.
When it bites
Longear Sunfish are most active from late spring to early fall. They bite best when water temperatures are between 65°F and 80°F. Early morning and late afternoon are prime times for fishing. They tend to be less active during the heat of the day.
Weather changes can affect their feeding behavior. A passing front may trigger increased activity, while high winds can make them less likely to bite. A full moon often leads to more consistent feeding patterns, especially during the nights surrounding it.
How to catch it
To catch Longear Sunfish, use light tackle. A spinning rod with a 4 to 6-pound test line is ideal. Hooks should be size 8 to 10. Common rigs include a simple bobber and hook setup or a small jig head with soft plastics.
Effective baits include live worms, crickets, and small minnows. For lures, try small spinners or soft plastic grubs in bright colors like chartreuse or orange. Cast near cover, such as submerged rocks or vegetation, and retrieve slowly. A slow, steady retrieve often works best.
Size, age and the table
Anglers typically encounter Longear Sunfish ranging from 4 to 8 inches in length. A trophy specimen is generally considered to be over 10 inches. These fish grow quickly, reaching maturity in about 2 years, and can live up to 6 years.
Longear Sunfish are known for their good eating quality. They have a mild flavor and firm flesh. When handling them, be gentle to avoid damaging their delicate bodies. If releasing, do so quickly to minimize stress and ensure their survival.
