How to recognise it
The Paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) is easily identifiable by its long, flattened snout, which can be nearly one-third of its body length. Its body is typically gray to bluish in color, with a lighter underside. The Paddlefish has a unique set of gill rakers that are long and comb-like, used for filter feeding. It has a large dorsal fin located near the tail and a deeply forked tail fin. The species it is most often confused with is the Sturgeon. The key detail that separates them is the Paddlefish's distinctive paddle-shaped snout, while Sturgeons have a more conical snout.
Where it lives
Paddlefish are primarily found in the Mississippi River Basin, including parts of the Great Lakes and the Gulf of Mexico. They inhabit large rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Paddlefish prefer slow-moving or still waters with depths ranging from 10 to 50 feet. They often hold near structures like submerged logs, river bends, or areas with current breaks. In spring, they may move to shallower waters for spawning, while in summer, they tend to retreat to deeper areas to escape heat.
When it bites
Paddlefish are most active from late spring through early fall, typically from April to September. They prefer water temperatures between 60°F and 75°F. Early morning and late evening are the best times to catch them, as they are more likely to feed during these periods. A passing front can trigger increased feeding activity, while strong winds may make them less active. A full moon can also enhance their feeding, as the increased light encourages movement.
How to catch it
When targeting Paddlefish, use a heavy rod and reel setup with a line strength of 30 to 50 pounds. A common rig is a slip sinker rig with a 3 to 5-ounce weight, a 3 to 5-foot leader of 50-pound test monofilament, and a 6/0 to 8/0 circle hook. Baits such as shad guts, worms, or artificial lures like large spoons or jigs in bright colors (chartreuse or pink) can be effective. Cast near structures or current breaks and retrieve slowly, allowing the bait to drift naturally. Be patient, as Paddlefish may take time to bite.
Size, age and the table
Paddlefish typically range from 30 to 50 inches in length and weigh between 10 to 60 pounds. A trophy Paddlefish is generally considered to be over 75 inches. They grow rapidly, reaching sexual maturity at around 5 to 7 years of age, and can live up to 30 years in the wild. The meat of the Paddlefish is considered good eating, with a mild flavor. When handling Paddlefish, use wet hands or gloves to avoid damaging their skin. If releasing, do so gently to ensure their survival.
